The+Neural+Synapse


 * [|Synapses] are connections between neurons through which "information" flows from one neuron to another.
 * The junction between the axon terminals of a neuron and the receiving cell is called a **synapse**.
 * Neurotransmitter: endogenous chemicals that transmit signals from a neuron to a target cell across a [|synapse].

Common Neurotransmitters and some of their functions


 * Neurotransmitter || Functions and characteristics ||
 * Acetylcholine (ACh) || * Activates motor neurons controlling skeletal muscles.
 * Contributes to the regulation of attention, arousal, and memory.
 * Some ACh receptors stimulated by nicotine ||
 * Dopamine (DA) || * Contributes to control of voluntary movement, pleasurable emotions.
 * Decreased levels associated with Parkinson�s disease
 * Over activity at DA synapses associated with schizophrenia
 * Cocaine and amphetamines elevate activity at DA synapses ||
 * Norepinephrine (NE) || * Contributes to modulation of mood and arousal
 * Cocaine and amphetamines elevate activity at NE synapses ||
 * Serotonin || * Involved in regulation of sleep and wakefulness, eating, aggression
 * Abnormal levels may contribute to depression and obsessive compulsive disorder
 * Prozac and similar antidepressant drug affect serotonin circuits ||
 * Endorphins || * Resemble opiate drugs in structure and effects
 * Contribute to pain relief and perhaps to some pleasurable emotions
 * �Runner�s high� may be associated with high endorphin levels ||